PHYSICS RESOURCES DATABASE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
ULTIMATE STRENGTHS
Torques & Breaking Angles - human bones
The strength of a material is the stress that will cause failure.
Yield strength
Þ stress at which slip first occurs - stress/strain curve becomes non-linear.Ultimate tensile or compressive strength
Þ maximum stress material can experience.Breaking strength
Þ stress corresponding to the rupture of the material.|
MATERIAL Typical values only |
BREAKING STRESS (Mpa) |
TENSILE (MPa) |
COMPRESSIVE (MPa) |
|
Aluminum |
220 |
420 |
260 |
|
Brick |
5.5 |
15 |
|
|
Bladder wall |
0.2 |
|
|
|
Bone human,compact human femur horse femur |
110 124 124 |
150 170 145 |
|
|
Brass |
470 |
300 |
|
|
Bronze |
350 |
|
|
|
Cartilage |
3 |
|
|
|
Concrete |
4 |
35 |
|
|
Cotton |
350 |
|
|
|
Granite |
20 |
240 |
|
|
Hair |
190 |
|
|
|
Intestine |
0.5 |
|
|
|
Kevlar |
2760 |
|
|
|
Lead |
12 |
|
|
|
Leather |
41 |
|
|
|
Marble |
10 |
110 |
|
|
Muscle |
0.1 |
|
|
|
Natural rubber |
0.03 |
|
|
|
Nylon thread |
1100 |
|
|
|
Polystrene |
48 |
90 |
|
|
Skin |
10 |
|
|
|
Spider's silk |
350 |
|
|
|
Steel Structural Piano wire |
1000 |
400 3100 |
|
|
Tendon |
70 |
|
|
|
TORQUES AND BREAKING ANGLES FOR HUMAN BONE |
|||
|
|
Torque t (N.m) |
f (degrees) |
|
|
Ulna or radius (forearm) |
20 |
15 |
|
|
Humerus (upper arm) |
60 |
6 |
|
|
Femur (thigh) |
140 |
1.5 |
|
|
Tibia (lower leg) |
100 |
3 |
|