The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 was awarded to Zhores I. Alferov, Herbert Kroemer, and Jack S. Kilby for basic work on information and communication technology. Alferov and Kroemer for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics, and Kilby for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit. ".

The Nobel Prize advanced information on this award provides a good introduction to the area and can be found here.

A recent view of the present status of integrated circuits has been published in Science, while this paper discusses the role of nanoelectronics in future integrated circuits.

This material and the references contained within should provide a good initial basis for a presentation.